| Greenfield, Iowa | |
|---|---|
| — City — | |
| Location of Greenfield, Iowa | |
| Coordinates: | |
| Country | United States |
| State | Iowa |
| County | Adair |
| Township | Greenfield |
| Area | |
| • Total | 1.8 sq mi (4.7 km2) |
| • Land | 1.8 sq mi (4.7 km2) |
| • Water | 0.0 sq mi (0.0 km2) |
| Elevation | 1,371 ft (418 m) |
| Population (2000) | |
| • Total | 2,129 |
| • Density | 1,172.6/sq mi (452.8/km2) |
| Time zone | Central (CST) (UTC-6) |
| • Summer (DST) | CDT (UTC-5) |
| ZIP code | 50849 |
| Area code(s) | 641 |
| FIPS code | 19-32790 |
| GNIS feature ID | 0457121 |
| Website | www.greenfieldiowa.com |
Greenfield is a city in Greenfield Township, Adair County, Iowa, United States. The population was 2,129 at the 2000 census. It is the county seat of Adair County[1]. The current courthouse, which sits in the middle of the Greenfield Square, was built in 1891 and is listed on the National Register of Historic Places. Greenfield is home to the Iowa Aviation Museum and Hall of Fame.
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Greenfield is located at (41.305491, -94.458726)[2].
According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 1.8 square miles (4.7 km2), all of it land.
| Greenfield Historical Population | ||
|---|---|---|
| Year | Pop. | ±% |
| 1880 | 684 | — |
| 1890 | 1,048 | +53.2% |
| 1900 | 1,300 | +24.0% |
| 1910 | 1,379 | +6.1% |
| 1920 | 1,707 | +23.8% |
| 1930 | 1,837 | +7.6% |
| 1940 | 1,869 | +1.7% |
| 1950 | 2,102 | +12.5% |
| 1960 | 2,243 | +6.7% |
| 1970 | 2,212 | −1.4% |
| 1980 | 2,243 | +1.4% |
| 1990 | 2,074 | −7.5% |
| 2000 | 2,129 | +2.7% |
| 2010 | 1,982 | −6.9% |
| Iowa Data Center [3] | ||
As of the census[4] of 2000, there were 2,129 people, 937 households, and 580 families residing in the city. The population density was 1,172.6 people per square mile (451.7/km²). There were 999 housing units at an average density of 550.2 per square mile (211.9/km²). The racial makeup of the city was 99.20% White, 0.05% African American, 0.38% Asian, 0.19% from other races, and 0.19% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.42% of the population.
There were 937 households out of which 26.8% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 52.1% were married couples living together, 6.9% had a female householder with no husband present, and 38.0% were non-families. 34.2% of all households were made up of individuals and 19.9% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.20 and the average family size was 2.82.
In the city the population was spread out with 22.6% under the age of 18, 6.5% from 18 to 24, 24.5% from 25 to 44, 20.4% from 45 to 64, and 26.0% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 42 years. For every 100 females there were 85.3 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 84.0 males.
The median income for a household in the city was $33,869, and the median income for a family was $42,872. Males had a median income of $29,792 versus $22,091 for females. The per capita income for the city was $19,444. About 7.7% of families and 10.6% of the population were below the poverty line, including 17.0% of those under age 18 and 9.2% of those age 65 or over.
Greenfield's school district was combined with the Bridgewater-Fontanelle school district in 2000, to form Nodaway Valley Community School District.[5] The district's only high school, Nodaway Valley High School, and one of the district's two elementary schools, Nodaway Valley East Elementary, are in Greenfield.
Greenfield was the primary location for the filming of the 1971 satirical comedy film Cold Turkey, starring Dick Van Dyke. The movie involved a town that accepted a challenge to quit smoking for 30 days. Greenfield also rose to the challenge and went "Cold Turkey" with 166 of its citizens signing Stop Smoking pledges. Portions of the 2009 thriller Peacock were filmed in Greenfield and other towns in Adair County.
The three story structure with decorative turret was built in 1896 by E.E. Warren and his wife, Eva. Edward Earnest Warren was born in New London, Iowa on March 31, 1862. In 1884 Edward married Eva Mary Viers from Fontanelle, Iowa. Eva was born in Washington, Iowa in 1863. The Warrens built their new store and opera house in 1896, in company with John J. Hetherington. Mr Hetherington was born in Pennsylvania in 1842. The idea of a building containing both a store and opera house was first announced in Greenfield in 1895. The building site was formerly occupied by the original courthouse which had burned down. The building's store conducted its Grand Opening on December 1, 1896. The storefront windows had been curtained until the opening ceremony. At 7:30pm the curtains were raised and the crowd rushed the door, breaking it from the force. A string quintet provided live music for visitors. Upstairs the Opera House was awaiting its chairs. Mr Warren finally had his own store building. In 1913 the business became titled "Warren Dry Goods Company". Eva worked as the company's bookkeeper. Mr Hetherington was simultaneously building his new store along side the EE Warren Opera House.
In its early years, the Opera House hosted traveling theatrical troupes, medicine shows, musical productions and local theatre. It was placed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1979.
In 1996 the EE Warren Opera House Association was formed to save and restore the building and its integrity. The Association has made numerous structural and aesthetic improvements to the interior and exterior of the building. The Association recently acquired the adjacent Hetherington Building and Taylor Building. The mission of the Association is to create a cultural center which will promote all forms of the arts. There will be retail and dining space to enhance the visitor's experience and the facility aims to support live theatre performances, concerts, art exhibits and many more entertaining events.
Hotel Greenfield, operated by ADCO Enterprises, LC, dates to 1920, the city’s fourth hotel and the third at 110 East Iowa Street, proceeded at this site by The Wilson Hotel and later the Commercial Hotel. It is the largest commercial building in the central business district. Many early hotel patrons traveled to town by the C, B & Q freight-passenger train and were shuttled from the south Greenfield depot. Others arrived by automobile via Iowa’s developing highway system.
Despite the shadow of the Great War (WW I) local boosters were yet able to capitalize a 32-room state-of-the-art lodge at a cost of $65,000. Regional architect William Gordon designed the Classical Revival (Commercial) style building, to be constructed starting in 1919. It was completed and furnished by 1920. A gala Grand Opening was featured June 3, 1920 with William Don Carlos and George Musmaker toastmasters of the evening.
The original “Greenfield Hotel Company” of April 8, 1919, was founded by local business owners and town boosters as a community improvement project, more than as a profit-making enterprise, as such. The company, an Iowa corporation, owned the hotel until July 12, 1951. Lawyer George Musmaker, president, and banker Jay Howe, secretary-treasurer, were two of the company’s primary leaders during those first 32 years. Individuals and families owned and operated the business after that.
A food service establishment has been featured as a major element of the hotel’s operation. The lodging element was dated and dwindling in significance by the 1970s. When ADCO Enterprises, LC purchased the hotel property in March 2010, the Old Hotel Restaurant & Lounge (John Galanakis and family) was flourishing on the first floor space. It now continues to be associated with Hotel Greenfield but is relocated into the former Adair County Free Press building, joined to the west of the original hotel. It was acquired in 2010 in order to secure additional hotel development space. Two hotel suites are located on its second floor, along with laundry and housekeeping facilities.
The Free press building is 19th century Commercial in style with Romanesque features on its façade. It was erected in 1903 by Edwin J. Sidey and his father John S. Sidey, founders of the Adair County Democrat in 1889, later the Adair County Free Press. Edwin’s son Kenneth (1895–1976) and grandson Edwin J. Sidey (1925–2008) succeeded as publishers and editors. Well known White House reporter forTime/Life and author Hugh Sidey (1927–2005), brother of Edwin J., was also closely associated over time with the family’s journalism and photojournalism legacies. Publisher/Editor Linda E. Sidey, widow of Edwin J., relocated the newspaper business and its associated photo gallery to 141 Public Square in December 2010.
ADCO Enterprises, LC is owned primarily by Adair County area investors. It was founded with the support of the Community Development Corporation of Greenfield. Architect Dan Tindall of Grinnell was employed as redevelopment project manager. Tindall is also co-owner of the award-winning vintage Blackhawk Hotel at Cedar Falls, Iowa.
The Freedom Rock is a large boulder that marks the entrance to an old rock quarry. Beginning in 1999, Ray "Bubba" Sorensen II has painted the rock every Memorial Day with different patriotic images and sayings in support of the United States military.
The 1888 birthplace of US Vice President Henry A. Wallace (1941-45) is located near Greenfield in Adair County in Section 1, Orient Township. It is now home to the Henry A. Wallace Country Life Center, a popular tour site. Wallace founded seed corn company Pioneer Hi-Bred in 1926 and was an editor of Wallace’s Farmer magazine. President Franklin D. Roosevelt appointed Wallace to be US Secretary of Agriculture (1933-41) at the depth of the Great Depression. He also served as US Secretary of Commerce (1946-46); and later ran unsuccessfully for President on the Progressive Party ticket in 1948. Wallace was a key figure in assisting Roosevelt to formulate “New Deal” economic recovery policies and in helping the US prepare to join the Allies in defeating Japan and Germany in World War II. He was named the “Most Influential Iowan of the 20th Century” in 1999 by the Des Moines Register.
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